The first electromagnetic interstellar message was sent on Nov. 16, 1974 using the Arecibo radar telescope with an antenna diameter of 305 meters and the transmitter power of 500 kilowatts. Length communication was only 3 minutes. During this time, was transferred to 1679 bits of information. This number, being the product of two prime factors, indicates that the message encrypted two-dimensional image 23 by 73 pixels.
In 1679 bits Arecibo Frank Drake and Carl Sagan tried to put as much information.
The first block (red) defines the rules for writing numbers (from 1 to 10) in the binary system.
The second (orange) - lists the number of elements on which the life on Earth: hydrogen (1), carbon (6), nitrogen (7), oxygen (8) and phosphorus (15).
The third block (yellow) describes the structure of the DNA molecule: forming its skeleton deoxyribose (S5ON7) and phosphate (P04) alternate in the region are two columns, and in the middle gives the chemical formula of four nucleotides: adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine that encode genetic information. Formulas are written numerical coefficients in the same manner as the “elements of life” in the second block. For example, the deoxyribose is encoded as 7-5-0-1-0, which means 7 hydrogen atoms, 5 - carbon and 1 - oxygen.
The fourth block (green) - a DNA helix, and in the middle reports the number of nucleotides in human DNA - 4 294 441 822 (we now know that there are about S billion).
The fifth block (blue) contains information about people: from left to middle-sized man - 14 (1.76 m in units of the wavelength of the message - 12,6 cm), and the right - the world’s population in 1974 - 4 292 853 750.
Sixth block (blue) - the solar system from nine planets. The earth moved up and is under the man from the previous block, pointing to our habitat. Purple block represents a plate radar telescope that sent this message, and at the bottom of the center given its diameter - 2430 (306 meters in units of wavelength).
Frank Drake in the sample showed a simplified prototype of this message to other scientists. Carl Sagan decrypt it almost completely. On the other successes of reliable information is not preserved.
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